#philosophy #ethic Created at 2023-01-01 # [Anonymous feedback](https://www.admonymous.co/louis030195) # [[Epistemic status]] #shower-thought Last modified date: 2023-01-01 17:24 Commit: 6 # Related - [[Philosophy/Leibniz]] - [[Philosophy/Scholasticism/Scholasticism]] - [[Philosophy/Scholasticism/Aquinas]] - [[Readwise/Books/Benedictus de Spinoza - Ethics]] # TODO > [!TODO] TODO # Spinoza ![low - poly jesus, art station, 4 k ](https://lexica-serve-encoded-images.sharif.workers.dev/md/001b5bf7-2c89-480d-a6d3-12635a0ec698) The main ideas of Spinoza's philosophy are centered around the concept of God and Nature being unified. He proposed that all of reality, both physical and mental, is part of a single substance that he called God or Nature. He argued that God and Nature are not separate entities, but rather one and the same. He believed that everything in the universe is a part of this single substance, and that all of the universe is a part of God. Spinoza's philosophy also focused on the idea of freedom and determinism, and he proposed that while humans have the ability to choose their actions, their will is ultimately determined by God. He also believed that all of our actions are predetermined by God, and that there is no real free will. ![a vibrant ultraclear sideview waist up portrait of futuristoc jesus by rene magritte and laurie greasley, etching by gustave dore, colorful flat surreal, ethereal, intricate, sharp focus, illustration, highly detailed, digital painting, concept art, masterpiece ](https://lexica-serve-encoded-images.sharif.workers.dev/md/015f2a6f-1b0f-47f0-96f4-3ccaa59b762c)