# Metadata Source URL:: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthogonality_(mathematics) Topics:: #mathematic --- # Orthogonality (mathematics) - Wikipedia ## Highlights > [!quote]+ Updated on 261022_092258 > > In mathematics, orthogonality is the generalization of the geometric notion of perpendicularity to the linear algebra of bilinear forms. > >Two elements u and v of a vector space with bilinear form B are orthogonal when B(u, v) = 0. Depending on the bilinear form, the vector space may contain nonzero self-orthogonal vectors. In the case of function spaces, families of orthogonal functions are used to form a basis. > >The concept has been used in the context of orthogonal functions, orthogonal polynomials, and combinatorics.